Composition for asphalt pavements.



UNTTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH H. AMIES, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- THIRD TO CHARLES FREMONT TAYLOR, OF SAME PLACE.

COMPOSITION FOR ASPHALT PAVEMENTS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 674,823, dated May 21, 1901.

Application filed September 20, 1900. Serial No. 30,610. (No specimens.)

To all 10/1/0722, it may concern.-

it known that I, JosEPH H. AMIES, acitizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia. and Stateol' Pennsylvania,have invented new and useful Improvements in Composition for Asphalt Pavements, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a composition for the construction of pavements, for roadways, sidewalks, floors, steps, plaster, stone, bricks, or other uses to which it may be applied.

It is a well-known fact that asphalt pavements or streets have two great defects I5 namely, in summer they become so soft as to make travel difficult and to break up under heavy traffic, and in winter theyare hard and slippery and readily granulate.

The object of my invention is to obviate these objectionable features and at the same time secure other valuable results pertaining to the laying of the pavement which tend to cheapen it in outlying districts.

To facilitate the full comprehension of my method and enable the salient points of the same to be fully appreciated, I will first outline the method of manufacturing and laying sheet asphalt now in use and then describe.

my own method and institute a comparison 0 between the twof In the present method sand is first taken and heated to a temperature of 380 to 400 Fahrenheit, when a quantity of refined asphalt mixed with a given proportion of a 5 lighter oil is raised to a temperature of from 240 to 270. The hot sand and prepared asphalt are then com pounded in the proportions of about ninety-three per cent. of sand to seven per cent. of asphalt, and the resulting mass thoroughly mixed and carted to the place where it is to be laid. Now the mass must still be hot when it arrives at the place oflaying. This factprevents longtransportation, and as quite an extensive and costly plant is necessary to accomplish the heating and mixing the expense is correspondingly great. In my process I take refined asphalt and add thereto a predetermined amount of resin or residuum oil and melt them together by the application of heat. The heating is continued until a temperature of from 190 to 210 Fahrenheit is reached. A mixture like that of which printers make their rollers that is, glue, glycerin, and molasses or glucose-m ay be prepared,and I add to this about g 5 one part in twelve of resin-oil or boiled linseed-oil. This latter composition while hot maybe poured into the heated asphalt in the proportion of about three parts composition to twelve parts asphalt, or instead of the com-- position I may use about one per cent. of paraffin wax. The result secured in adding the composition of glue, molasses or glucose, and glycerin to the hot asphaltis to hold the as phalt from crystalliziug and prevent granulation; but I may omit this addition to the asphalt, if desirable. Having done this,I now dilute the whole composition by addingaboutten gallons of benzin, naphtha, orany of the light volatile oils derived from crude petroleum for every fifty gallons of the composition and stir well the resulting mixture. In adding the benzin to the hot asphalt it will be found that it Will be made much lighter thereby and promote the coating of the sand and fibers. While it will not dissolve asphalt, it will unite with it when hot. The compound formed as above described is then run into tight casks or barrels, care being taken to make them tight as possible, and thereby made ready for $0 shipping to any place desired, either near or remote. It is well known that by bringing the asphalt to the necessary heated state to mix with hot sand it is seriously injured, the quality that would make it more useful for paving being thereby destroyed.

In using my product in paving a quantity of sand or clay or fibrous material is wetted. The fibrous material may consist of sawdust,

fine shavings, paper, paper-pulp, hay, dust, 9o

grasses, &c. I may use the clay, sand, and fibrous materials separately or unite them. After the sand or clay or fibrous material has been thoroughly saturated with water I' mix it with the prepared composition. Itis found that the sand and fibers will be kept separate by the action of the Water, and yet become thoroughly coated with the composition, and the whole mass will remain in a loose heterogeneous condition.

tinue as long as the water remains, and it is therefore in a state to be transported to the This condition will con- IOO place for laying. It is then dumped in position and rolled by either a hot or a cold roller. By employing a hot roller the pavement can be made ready for use in a short time; but when a cold one is employed some time must be allowed to elapse before the pavement is.

Ihave found by my process clay and broken stone can be used with great benefit instead of sand and that the viscous clay when mixed with water will unite with the viscous prepared asphalt, and the result will he a harder firmer mass with an increased heat power, owing to the fact that clay is a poor, while sand is agood, conductor of heat. I can mix 'my clay, if I desire, with plaster-of-paris and soften them with silicate of soda one-third, silicate of potash one-third, and Water onethird, and then mingle the prepared asphalt therewith and thicken the same with any desired amount of broken stone. The result would be a very strong combination.

It will be evident from the foregoing that as my material can be kept for a long time ina plastic state and is laid cold plenty of time is given for transportation and laying, and as no expensive plant is required in the actual operation of paving my composition is particularly adapted for use in outlying or country districts.

Instead of a steam-roller, any roller will do, or even hand-tampers.

Various equivalents may be substituted for some of the ingredients specified such as bitumen, tars, gums, or resinswith or without mixing with refined asphalt.

By actual tests pavement manufactured and put down after the manner above set forth has been found to be less plastic in summer and more elastic in winter than the ordinary asphalt.

.The appended table gives in condensed form the different elements of the composition and the amounts of each. I do not wish to be under-stood as limiting myself to the employment of the exact proportions herein set forth, as these maybe varied within moderatelimits without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Asphalt, ten per cent; resin or residuum oil, one per cent; glue, seven per cent.; molasses,three percent. glycerin,one percent. resin-oil or linseed-oil, one per cent.; benzin or naphtha, ten per cent.; wet sand or clay or fibrous material, or both, eighty-five per cent. The above are combined as follows: asphalt, ten per cent; glue, &c., three per cent.; benzin, two per cent; wet sand or clay or fibrous material, eighty-five per cent. total, one hundred per cent.

Having thus fully described myinvention, what I claim is- 1. The herein -described composition of matter comprising asphalt, resin, glue, mo lasses, glycerin, oil, benzin, Wet sand, clay and broken stone, and fibrous materials, combined in substantially the proportions indicated and in the manner described.

2. The herein-described process of making pavement, consisting of, first mixing asphalt and resin in suitable proportions and heating the same to a temperature of about 200 Fahrenheit, adding theretoa hot mixture of glue, molasses, glycerin and oil, diluting the whole mixture by adding about one part in five of benzin, then allowing the mass to cool, mixing it with wet sand, clay and broken stone and wet fibrous material, and finally compressing it in position, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOSEPH H. AMIES.

Witnesses:

THOMAS WILLIAMS, J. HOWARD SAVAGE. 

